ȍlkъtъ

ȍlkъtь; ȍlkъtъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `elbow, ell'

Page in Trubačev: XXXII 65-67

Old Church Slavic:

lakъtь `elbow, ell' [m i], lakъte [Gens] \{2\}

Russian:

lókot' `elbow, ell' [m jo], lóktja [Gens]

Czech:

loket `elbow, ell' [m (j)o]

Slovak:

lakot' `elbow, ell' [m (j)o]

Polish:

ɫokieć `elbow, ell' [m jo]

Upper Sorbian:

ɫochć `elbow' [m jo];

ɫóchć (dial.) `elbow' [m jo]

Serbo-Croatian:

lȃkat `elbow, ell' [m o], lākta [Gens];

Čak. lȁkat (Vrgada) `elbow, ell' [m o], lȁhta [Gens];

Čak. lȁkat (Novi) `elbow, ell' [m o], lȁhta [Gens];

Čak. lȃkat (Orbanići) `elbow, armlength, yard (measure)' [m o], lȃhta [Gens]

Slovene:

lakȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], laktà [Gens], laktȗ [Gens], lahtà [Gens], lahtȗ [Gens];

lakȃt `elbow, ell' [f i], laktȋ [Gens], lahtȋ [Gens];

lahȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], lahtȗ [Gens];

lakǝ̀t `elbow, ell' [m o], laktà [Gens];

lákǝt `elbow, ell' [m o];

lǝkȃt `elbow, ell' [f i], lǝhtȋ [Gens];

lǝkȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], lǝhtȗ [Gens];

lèhǝt `elbow' [m o], lǝ̀hta [Gens]

Bulgarian:

lákăt `elbow, ell' [m jo]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: Hol-k-

Lithuanian:

alkū́nė `elbow' [f ē] 1;

elkū́nė (arch., dial.) `elbow' [f ē] 1 \{3\}

Latvian:

ę̀lks `elbow, bend' [m o];

ę̀lkuons `elbow, bend' [m o] \{4\}

Old Prussian:

alkunis (EV) `elbow'

Indo-European reconstruction: HHolkuti- \{1\}

IE meaning: elbow

Comments: The e- of the East Baltic forms may be another instance of "Rozwadowski's change". The somewhat awkward reconstruction *HHol- (*HH₃el-) is required by the acute intonation of Lith. úolektis, Latv. uôlekts `ell' < *HoHl- (*HeH₃l-), cf. OPr. woaltis `forearm', woaltis `ell', ὠλένη `elbow, forearm'. If one subscribes to the view that a lengthened grade vowel yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, *(H)ōl- is the obvious reconstruction.

Other cognates:

Gk. ολέκρα̑νος `point of the elbow'

;

Lat. ulna `elbow' [f];

OIr. uilen `elbow' [f];

OHG elina `ell' [f];

Arm. oɫn `spine, shoulder'

Notes:

\{1\} *HH₃elkuti seems also possible. \{2\} In some case forms OCS lakъtь is inflected as a consonant stem. In the modern languages *ȍlkъtь has adopted the pattern of the jo- or o-stems. \{3\} The LKŽ has elkū̃nė instead of elkū́nė , even though one of the sources mentioned - F. Kurschat's dictionary - actually has an acute. \{4\} Also ę̀lkuonis , ę̀lkuone , ę̀lkūne².